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Similarly, the acid H atom of either an organic or an inorganic acid may be replaced by the alkyl group of an alcohol, producing "ethereal salts," or "esters."

The hydrogen of the hydroxyl group in phenol can be replaced by metals, by alkyl groups and by acid radicals.

In fact, the analogy between the alkyl groups and metallic elements forms a convenient basis from which to consider many derivatives.

The hydrogen in the hydroxyl group, as is known, may be substituted by an alkyl group.

Tertiary alcohols are thus seen to be characterized by the group :C.OH, in which the residual valencies of the carbon atom are attached to alkyl groups.