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To prepare himself, Ben-Gurion traveled to Turkey to study law along with his friend Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, who later became Israel’s second president.

“Google and Facebook are facing a gathering perfect storm of political, regulatory and reputational risk,” said Arik Ben-Zvi, a lobbyist for Glover Park Group whose clients are competitors to the technology firms.

Arik Ben-Zvi, a lobbyist at the Glover Park Group, which was hired by rivals to Comcast to help challenge its deal with Time Warner Cable in 2015, said he thought it would be a mistake to rely on the same tactics this time.

Instead, Mr. Ben-Zvi said, AT&T needs to be more specific and authentic to be more effective.

“Incumbent telecommunications companies like AT&T are deeply threatened by the emergence of Silicon Valley giants that are poised to take over this space,” said Mr. Ben-Zvi, who is not working on the AT&T-Time Warner deal.