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Vigilance and quick action are especially important here because Bifano only uses organic control methods, so no chemical pesticides or herbicides.

American military leaders’ position was that herbicides did not constitute chemical weapons under the Geneva Protocol, which the U.S. had yet to ratify.

Then, in the summer of 1991, a catastrophic train derailment just north of town spilled nearly 20,000 gallons of a highly toxic herbicide into the Sacramento River.

The mixture known as Agent Orange is a combination of two herbicides that the U.S. brought to Vietnam in huge volumes to kill off jungles and mangroves that hid opposition forces during the Vietnam war.

Every year the U.S. sells Mexico about $5 billion of genetically modified corn, which has been designed to resist pests and tolerate herbicides.