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A brief border clash took place in Ladakh in June 2020.

These are striking comments, because tensions have been high since a nasty border clash in the northern Ladakh region in 2020 - the deadliest since a 1962 war.

Bilateral trade is consistently robust; even after the Ladakh clash, China has been India's top trade partner.

The Ladakh clash shattered trust; last year's patrolling deal helped restore it.

Even after the Ladakh clash sunk ties to their lowest level in decades, the two militaries continued to hold high-level dialogues, which resulted in a deal in October to resume border patrols.