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In proof-of-principle studies in Uganda and Nepal, they found simian foamy virus, parainfluenza 3, enteroviruses, and herpesviruses.

While RSV and influenza have been the predominant viruses, numerous co-conspirators—parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, enterovirus, and COVID-19—are also causing havoc.

At UC San Francisco, other viral illnesses, including MPV — also known as metapneumovirus — and parainfluenza are rising.

Sporadic epidemiologic reports have documented how waves of influenza seemed to crowd out RSV, parainfluenza, and other respiratory viruses.

She’s working on developing an intranasal RSV vaccine for babies, which is currently in Phase I trial, and will also target human parainfluenza virus infection in children.