51吃瓜 of the Day
prefatory
adjective
of, relating to, or of the nature of something introductory.
More about prefatory
Prefatory 鈥渙f or relating to something introductory鈥� is based on the Latin noun 辫谤补别蹿腻迟颈艒 鈥渁 saying beforehand,鈥� plus the adjective-forming suffix -ory. 笔谤补别蹿腻迟颈艒 became Medieval Latin 辫谤脓蹿腻迟颈补 and then became Middle French preface, which English has borrowed. In this way, prefatory and preface are doublets, two words in a language with the same origin but that took different pathways to get there鈥攊n this case, directly from Latin and by way of French, respectively. Latin 辫谤补别蹿腻迟颈艒 is a compound of prae 鈥渂efore,鈥� which is the source of English pre-, and 蹿腻谤墨 鈥渢o speak,鈥� which is the source of affable, fable, fate, and infant. Prefatory was first recorded in English circa 1670.
how is prefatory used?
Vladimir Nabokov believed that inspiration comes in phases. First, he wrote, there鈥檚 the 鈥�prefatory glow,鈥� the feeling of 鈥渢ickly well-being鈥� that banishes all awareness of physical discomfort. The feeling does not yield its secret just yet, but a window has been opened and some wind has blown in.
鈥淢y question is more of a comment鈥� is a prefatory refrain one comes to dread hearing. You steel yourself for the digressive, long-winded tirade, incoherent to the point of lunacy.
mbira
noun
a musical instrument of what is now Zimbabwe and Malawi that serves as a resonating box, to which vibrating metal or wooden strips are attached for plucking.
More about mbira
Mbira 鈥渁 musical instrument made from a gourd鈥� is a borrowing from the Shona language. Though Shona mbira is of unclear origin, some linguists hypothesize connections to ambira, kalimba, and marimba, which are all xylophone-like instruments originating in southern Africa. The Shona language is spoken in what is now Zimbabwe, and it belongs to the huge Bantu group of languages, which is found throughout western southern Africa and also includes Wolof, Xhosa, Yoruba, and Zulu. Mbira was first recorded in English circa 1910.
how is mbira used?
The mbira, or Zimbabwean thumb piano, is a revered ceremonial instrument from Southern Africa with two rows of metal keys mounted on a wooden soundboard. Players use thumb and forefinger to pluck the keys up or down, creating percussive, often haunting tones. Traditional mbira song lyrics are evocative and impassioned, often accompanied by call and response singing and guitar.
Materials such as bottle caps or beads can be attached to the instrument to create its signature buzzing sound. The mbira remains a vital cultural emblem of the community as it is often played in a variety of Shona ceremonies … The music of the mbira the Shona people have been able to pass down over hundreds of years and generations.
heliotropic
adjective
turning or growing toward the light.
More about heliotropic
Heliotropic 鈥渢urning toward the light鈥� is a compound of the forms helio- 鈥渟un鈥� and -tropic 鈥渢urned toward.鈥� Helio- comes from Ancient Greek 丑岣条颈辞蝉 鈥渟un,鈥� which is also the source of the word helium, named for its presence in the chemical composition of the Sun. Meanwhile, -tropic is based on Ancient Greek 迟谤辞辫颈办贸蝉 鈥減ertaining to a turn,鈥� from 迟谤贸辫辞蝉 鈥渢urn.鈥� This same root word is behind English tropical, which we tend to associate today with hot weather and the naming of storms, but the literal sense of tropical describes the zone in which the Sun travels directly overhead in the sky. Heliotropic was first recorded in English in the early 1870s.
how is heliotropic used?
But they have designed [solar panel technology] that they say can be about 30 to 40 percent more effective. They were inspired by the idea that flowers and plants naturally turn to face the sun. They call it, let’s say it’s something called a heliotropic effect, and it’s just because of the direction that the sun strikes and they move.
Most seedling plants are strongly heliotropic, and it is no doubt a great advantage to them in their struggle for life to expose their cotyledons to the light as quickly and as fully as possible, for the sake of obtaining carbon.