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Both open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma can be classified as primary or secondary conditions. If the cause is unknown, it is referred to as primary glaucoma; if the cause is known, such as an eye injury, inflammation, advanced cataracts or diabetes, it is referred to as secondary glaucoma.

Angle-closure glaucoma is considered a medical emergency because individuals can lose their sight in as little as one to two days without proper treatment.