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To interrupt that process, antisense RNA therapies inject cells with RNA strands that bind to specific mRNA snippets, effectively blocking them from being read by ribosomes.

The general approach to RNA therapy, called antisense RNA, aims to disrupt the production of proteins related to diseases like cancer and HIV.

The trouble is that traditional antisense RNA drugs usually don’t work.

To date, only two antisense RNA therapies have been approved in the United States, despite decades of effort and dozens of clinical trials.

By changing the RNA code on the SNA particles, it could open a new pathway for antisense RNA therapies.