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Its foreign ministry said it would respond according to international law if a "square metre of Chadian territory is threatened".

Standing on the Chadian side of the border, Lammy spoke to families that were fleeing and aid workers who were receiving them.

But, before we left Adre, knowing how hard it may be to gather testimonies inside, we spent time in the sprawling informal camp run by the UN and Chadian authorities close to the border.

France currently has about 1,000 troops in the Central African country providing intelligence and logistical assistance to the Chadian military from their bases, including in the capital N’Djamena.

In fact, some argue that Chadian President Mahamat Déby is expertly playing Russia and the West against each other, to Chad's advantage.