51�Թ�

Instead it is found in a 4-D mathematical entity called a Hilbert space.

Take Hilbert space, a realm of infinite dimensions swarming with arrow-shaped abstractions called vectors.

Let’s say you represent the state of an electron with a vector, V, in a Hilbert space with three axes, x, y and z.

Among half a dozen pieces on particle physics are lucid explications of, for instance, the Higgs boson, Hilbert space and the Large Hadron Collider.

“We think of flavor as an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space,” he says, referring to the mathematical concept of a complex algebraic system with an infinite number of variables.