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Maldonado, a professor in pediatric infectious diseases and epidemiology, was one of the fired vaccine advisors.

"As an infectious disease doctor, I see appropriate use as one part - but only one part - of access," says Dr Gaffar.

And indeed, most emerging infectious diseases in humans are zoonotic — meaning they come to us from another animal — and most of them are viruses.

The latest figures, to be published on Thursday, could show more cases of the highly infectious disease, which is on the rise around the world.

Many of the approved drugs address the most pressing human health concerns of our time, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, infectious diseases and neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease.