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The single-use vapes included products which claimed to be "zero nicotine" and then had nicotine displayed on their list of ingredients.

"Meal planning in advance can ensure you pick more cost-effective ingredients and that you eat what you buy," he said.

"While removing specific ingredients may create the illusion of meaningful action, it potentially diverts resources from more impactful health initiatives."

We try to use as much of the ingredient as possible—repurposing trimmings into stocks or using leftovers creatively.

UPFs tend to contain more than five ingredients, which are not usually found in home cooking, such as additives, sweeteners and chemicals to improve the food's texture or appearance.