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The experiment took place on 1 October 2022 -- on board of the sounding rocket TEXUS-57 that was launched from the Esrange Space Center, 40 kilometers east of Kiruna in Sweden.

Born to a Sámi mother and a father who is Tornedalian, another of Sweden’s ethnic minorities, Laestadius, 51, grew up outside Kiruna, a mining city 200 kilometers north of the Arctic Circle.

KIRUNA, Sweden — The European Union wants to bolster its capacity to launch small satellites into space with a new launchpad in Arctic Sweden.

The economy in Kiruna has relied on mining for more than a century, but new extraction activity will need to be balanced with other interests including preserving areas of natural beauty and safeguarding reindeer herding in the region by the Sami people, Mr. Högnelid said.

Ross Embleton, an analyst at Wood Mackenzie, a consulting firm, said that LKAB’s find, near Kiruna, Sweden’s northernmost city, indeed appeared to be of significant size.