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“Impaired nAChR function in the human body is the first and only hypothesis that can logically explain and decipher every symptom of long COVID,” he says.

Since publishing his findings, he’s continued researching dosing regimens and giving lectures to build awareness around the hypothesis that this is what’s happening with long COVID, and that nicotine can help.

She said: "In the second appointment, the PA diagnosed her with a calf sprain, long Covid and anxiety. The PA did not examine Emily's calves, and did not make it clear that she was not a doctor."

In November 2023, the Dorset Post Covid Syndrome Service - a long Covid clinic where Molly was receiving care - stopped its service for paediatric patients, only taking adults.

"Just because the pandemic was over it didn't mean that the people with long Covid, all their symptoms, didn't just disappear, and that was really hard."