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Surgeons use a tiny eye incision and a technique called phacoemulsification.

After scrubbing and suiting up, Paul turned to the surgical table to review the phacoemulsification machine, which uses ultrasonic waves to emulsify the lens of the eye so it can be safely removed.

One such improvement, phacoemulsification extraction, was first adopted in the mid-1980s and is now the preferred procedure for cataract surgery.

These days, cataract removal is usually done via a technique called "phacoemulsification."