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As Dr Moyo noted, those parties that called for tougher immigration policies, including tighter border controls, performed "very well" in the 2021 local elections in South Africa's economic heartland of Johannesburg and the capital, Tshwane.

She never appeared in a match and went on to play for Tshwane University of Technology women’s soccer team.

The City of Tshwane Municipality, which takes in Pretoria and surrounding areas, has had at least five different mayors since the ruling African National Congress party lost control in local government elections in 2016.

“It has been out of capacity since about 2005,” said Tshwane executive mayor Cilliers Brink, who was elected in March.

"The issue of water in Tshwane has been a problem for a number of years," South Africa's Deputy Minister of Water and Sanitation David Mahlobo said in a briefing.