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Most of these characters had been earlier described by Cicero in his Tusculan Disputations.

Cicero obtained public grants for the restoration of his house and of his Tusculan and Formian villas, but very far from enough to cover the losses he had suffered.

Pliny, in his account of his Tusculan villa, describes his gardens decorated with "figures of different animals, cut in box: evergreens clipped into a thousand different shapes; sometimes into letters forming different names; walls and hedges of cut box, and trees twisted into a variety of forms."

Cicero, in his Tusculan Questions, iii.

Cato, as quoted by Cicero in the Tusculan Disputations, and in the Brutus16, is our earliest authority on the subject.